What happens if children assert too much control in the initiative vs guilt stage?

In the initiative vs guilt stage, which typically occurs in early childhood, children begin to assert control over their environment and take initiatives in their activities. However, if they assert too much control, it can lead to feelings of disapproval and guilt, particularly if their actions are criticized or if they face restrictions from caregivers. This guilt arises as they may perceive their assertiveness as inappropriate or wrong, leading to a conflict between their desire for independence and the perceived expectations of others.

This dynamic emphasizes the importance of a balanced environment where children feel safe to explore and take initiative, while also receiving guidance and support from adults. If children are encouraged rather than criticized when they step outside of norms, they can develop a healthy sense of initiative without experiencing overwhelming guilt.