What does Double-Consciousness refer to for a minority client?

Double-Consciousness, a concept articulated by W.E.B. Du Bois, primarily refers to the internal conflict experienced by individuals in marginalized groups, particularly African Americans, as they grapple with their own self-perception alongside how they believe they are perceived by the dominant culture, often represented by white society.

The correct choice captures this essence by highlighting the duality of identity that minority clients can experience: "How I see myself" represents their personal self-concept, grounded in their cultural background, values, and experiences. On the other hand, "How I see whites" reflects the external societal perception and stereotypes that may influence their self-image and interactions with others.

This concept is crucial for counselors working with minority clients because it emphasizes the importance of understanding the complexities of identity in the therapeutic process, recognizing that clients may simultaneously navigate their own identities while contending with societal expectations and prejudices. This understanding can guide effective counseling strategies that affirm a minority client’s cultural identity and address the psychological effects of societal perceptions.