What do children achieve in the initiative vs guilt stage?

In the initiative vs. guilt stage, which is part of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory, children typically between the ages of 3 to 6 years old start to assert their power and control over their environment. During this stage, children begin to take initiative in their activities, whether it involves playing, making decisions, or engaging in various creative tasks. They explore their interests and capabilities, leading to a sense of accomplishment and confidence when successful. This initiative allows them to feel empowered and fosters a sense of agency as they interact with their surroundings and peers.

If children are encouraged and allowed to initiate activities, they develop a healthy sense of initiative, which contributes positively to their self-esteem and social skills. However, if their initiatives are thwarted, criticized, or discouraged, they may begin to feel guilt about their desires and suppress their natural instincts to lead and create, which may lead to negative emotional outcomes in future stages.

Thus, the achievement of a sense of power and control during this stage is pivotal for developing healthy emotional and social traits that will benefit children as they grow.